Product pipeline
The second generation CAR adds a new costimulatory signal (transmembrane costimulatory signal) in the cell. Experiments have proved that this makes the original "signal 1" derived from TCR/CD3 complex expand. Many studies have shown that compared with the first generation CAR, the antigen specificity of the second generation CAR equipped with "signal 2" remains unchanged, and T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion increase, increased secretion of anti-apoptotic proteins and delayed cell death. A commonly used costimulatory molecule is CD28.
In order to further improve the design of CAR, many research groups began to focus on the development of the third generation of CAR, including not only "signal 1", "signal 2", but also including additional costimulatory signals. Some studies have reported that recombinant T cells expressing the third generation CAR have significantly improved anti-tumor activity, survival cycle and cytokine release; the commonly used costimulatory molecule is 4-1BB.
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